In Denmark, Novozymes launched Fermax, an enzyme protease that prevents foam development during the sugarcane ethanol fermentation process, while delivering improved control and replacing chemicals. In trials, partners also experienced a cost reduction of up to 20 percent when using Fermax, compared to using chemicals.
Why foam?
Foam develops during the fermentation process as the yeast produces ethanol and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide creates foam, which can cause overflow of the fermentation tank and lead to production losses. Excessive foaming also forces plants to increase fermentation time and operate at lower capacity.
Ethanol producers typically use a combination of anti-foam and dispersant chemicals to reduce the formation of foam, but their performance varies according to process and feedstock conditions.
Unlike traditional anti-foam products, Fermax does not remove the foam, but prevents it from forming in the first place. The enzyme changes the foam structure by breaking down the stabilizing proteins to make it lighter and less dense. This enables better fermentation control, which allows producers to operate their plants more efficiently.
Fermax can completely replace, or work in combination with, traditional dispersant chemicals to boost their activity. It can also save up to 70 percent of anti-foam chemicals.
The Brazilian opportunity
The Brazilian sugarcane ethanol industry consists of some 380 production units, with more than 1,000 municipalities with activities related to the industry. The sector directly employs more than 950,000 people. Brazil is the world’s largest producer and exporter of sugar and second largest ethanol producer. The country has reduced CO2 emissions by more than 350 million tons since the introduction of flex-fuel vehicles that can run on any combination of ethanol and gasoline. There are more than 26 million such vehicles in Brazil.
India and beyond
Sugarcane ethanol is produced in extensive quantities in India, where we reported two weeks ago that oil marketing companies passed the 1 billion liter mark in sourcing domestically produced ethanol to comply with the E5 blending mandate. In 2003, India produced 200,000 liters of ethanol.
Sugarcane ethanol production is rising globally. For example, in Kenya, Indian investors in June announced a $49.9M investment in a 5,000 tons/day sugarcane ethanol mill. The mill will be the country’s second largest after Mumias.
First in a series of sugarcane ethanol products from Novozymes
Fermax is reported first in a series of new Novozymes products for sugarcane ethanol, that will look to support producers become even more competitive.
Reaction from the stakeholders
“This is the first ever biological solution that prevents foam development during the fermentation process, which is a critical issue for producers,” says Daniel Cardinali, Novozymes’ Head of Sugarcane Platform and Biorefining for Latin America. “With Fermax, sugarcane ethanol producers can use sustainable enzyme technology to lower their costs, reduce the need for harsh chemicals, and increase the amount of ethanol they can produce in their fermentation tanks.”
“This enzyme is a very cost-efficient solution, competitive with harsh chemicals, but without all their hidden costs, including supply issues, yeast damage, and incrustation,” explains Cardinali. “Sugarcane ethanol producers have traditionally not used enzymes. With Fermax, we start to apply the fascinating power of nature also within this growing industry to further improve production economics.”