The Digest’s 2025 Multi-Slide Guide to Dynamic Understanding of Waste-to-Energy Futures

Waste-to-Energy (WtE) is a complex system influenced by technical, economic, environmental, and societal factors. This presentation highlights the innovative need for models that address the socio-technical complexity of WtE, not just its technical aspects. “Participatory system dynamic modelling” is introduced as a key tool to foster consensus and facilitate strategy implementation among all stakeholders. The WECOS project in Sweden exemplifies this collaborative approach, aiming to better understand and manage WtE futures within a circular economy framework.