In the United Kingdom, researchers at the University of Portsmouth have developed a new, “promiscuous” enzyme that can convert plant waste into fuel, nylon, plastics and chemicals.
The cytochrome P450 enzyme—which is called promiscuous because it will work on a wide range of molecules—breaks down lignin, one of the main components of plants but a notoriously difficult material to convert. “To protect their sugar-containing cellulose, plants have evolved a fascinatingly complicated material called lignin that only a small selection of fungi and bacteria can tackle,” says Professor McGeehan of the University of Portsmouth. “However, lignin represents a vast potential source of sustainable chemicals, so if we can find a way to extract and use those building blocks, we can create great things.”
The study was published in Nature Communications.