By Dr. Terry Mazanec, Lee Enterprises Consulting Special to The Digest Some years ago I visited a platinum mine in South Africa. About a mile underground at the end of the maze of tunnels at the ‘minefront’ they excavate about a 1 meter high layer of material to get the 2 cm thick vein that […]
By Dr. Elham Khaghami, Lee Enterprises Consulting Special to The Digest Energy is fundamental to economy and survival in today’s social activity. Clearly the search of alternative energy sources would have a high priority. Therefore, minimizing the quantity of waste being generated from the source energy such as recycling could be a potential remedy in […]
By John D. Forcier, P.E., Lee Enterprises Consulting, Inc. Special to The Digest Farm-based anaerobic digestion systems have adapted in various regions of the world. The “European Model” relies on cash crops and manures with very high incentives and feed-in-tariffs. The “U.S. Model” is based on mostly or all cow manure from large farms (800 […]
By Hugh McLaughlin, PhD, PE — Lee Enterprise Consulting, Inc. Special to The Digest Biochar is an emerging market; growing rapidly, still in its infancy, but with gigaton market potential when we, as in humanity, start addressing the climate crisis. Activated carbons are a mature market of about one million tons annual production, which is […]
CAN/CSA-ISO 17225 Solid Biofuels Standards for Forest Biomass By Patrick Olivier BSc. Forestry, MBA, Lee Enterprises Consulting Inc. Special to The Digest In 2015, the Canadian Standards Association adopted and published a series of CAN/CSA – ISO 17225 Solid Biofuels Standards based on the harmonization of European and ISO standards. The objective of the series, […]
By James Cogan, Special to The Digest Europe’s bioethanol association ePure just released a renewables policy paper that’s something to get excited about. It’s a show of confidence and ambition on the part of Europe’s ethanol CEOs. Their product delivers climate and bioeconomy benefits, it doesn’t come with adverse side effects and it is worth fighting for. […]
By Brent Erickson Executive Vice President, Biotechnology Innovation Organization; head, Industrial & Environmental Section Special to The Digest Almost everyone accepts without question that U.S. refiners encountered the so-called blend wall – defined as blending ethanol into gasoline at or above 10 percent – in 2013, when RIN prices began to rise. The oil refiners, […]
By Angela Fivga, PhD and Zsuzsa A. Mayer, PhD, Lee Enterprises Consulting, Inc. Special to The Digest The analysis and standardization of biofuels are in constant development, therefore in many studies they follow a historic view or borrow unsuitable methods from fossil fuel analysis. An overview of the current standards helps to achieve better results. Due […]
By Dr. Terry Mazanec, Lee Enterprises Consulting Special to The Digest Biomass is a rich salad of chemicals that contains many highly valuable materials that are precursors to fine chemicals, nutrients, and pharmaceuticals. But this strength is also a weakness of biomass. The assortment of materials in biomass is bound together in a complex, stable […]
By Mark Janeczko, Energy and Chemicals Marketing Manager, Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc. Special to The Digest The Future of Renewable Fuels Whatever your thoughts regarding the future of the world’s energy supply, it is clear biofuel production and its clean implications are here to stay. On the federal level, The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) program was […]
